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thumb Al-Hajjaj ibn Yusuf ((アラビア語:الحجاج بن يوسف) / ALA: (or otherwise transliterated), also known more fully as or 〔Taher 1998: 130〕) (born early June AD 661 / AH 40 – AD 714 / AH 95) was a controversial〔 Arab administrator, politician and minister of defence of the Umayyad Caliphate. He has also been described as draconian, although modern apologists and revisionists have sought to suggest that he has been negatively under the influence of later Abbasid historians and biographers who were opposed to the fiercely pro-Umayyad al-Hajjaj.〔 Al-Hajjaj bin Yousef played a crucial role in the selection of military commanders. He instilled fear in the mercenary soldiers under his command and led to the successful expansion of the Islamic empire gaining much bounty and loot from the conquered lands. He ensured all important records were translated into Arabic, and for the first time he convinced caliph Abd Al-Malik to adopt a special currency for the Muslim world. This led to war with the Byzantine Empire under Justinian II. The Byzantines were led by Leontios at the Battle of Sebastopolis in 692 and were decisively defeated. During his reign of terror, he was responsible for the killing of notable Sahabi, companions of the Islamic prophet, Muhammad, including Jabir ibn Abdullah and Abdullah ibn al-Zubayr. ==Early life== Al-Hajjaj was born (661 AD) in the city of Ta'if in the Hijaz, in modern-day Saudi Arabia. His name at birth was ''Kulayb'', but later he changed it to al-Hajjaj. He was a teacher of Quran to young students in Al-Taif. He migrated away from his city towards Damascus later on during his early life. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Al-Hajjaj ibn Yusuf」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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